Stop-Loss Insurers Increasingly ‘Lasering’ High-Cost Claimants

As million-dollar health insurance claims continue to surge, stop-loss insurers that provide excess coverage for self-insured employers are increasingly using a controversial underwriting tactic to limit coverage for high-cost claimants.

The tactic, called “lasering,” entails applying a higher deductible or exclusion to a specific individual or condition, like heart failure or cancer. Instead of the normal attachment point applying uniformly across the group, the insurer carves out higher-risk individuals and shifts more financial responsibility back to the employer.

The trend is accelerating as more employees and dependents generate extremely costly claims tied to cancer treatments, specialty drugs, complex surgeries and chronic illnesses. According to a recent analysis by Sun Life, claims exceeding $1 million increased 29% between 2024 and 2025 and have surged 61% over the last four years.

That growth is reshaping the stop-loss market and creating new challenges for employers that self-fund their health plans.

How lasering works

Under a traditional stop-loss arrangement, an employer may absorb the first $100,000 or $150,000 of an employee’s claims before stop-loss coverage begins reimbursing expenses above that threshold. The stop-loss carrier reimburses the employer’s plan, not the employee.

But with lasering, a stop-loss carrier may impose a $500,000 deductible on an employee undergoing cancer treatment, instead of the same attachment point used for all other workers on the plan.

There are several types of stop-loss lasers:

Standard lasers — Apply a higher attachment point to all claims associated with a specific individual.

Contingent lasers — Apply only to claims tied to a specific diagnosis or condition, such as cancer or diabetes.

Limited contract basis lasers — Restrict the time frame during which certain claims are covered.

Exclusion lasers — Remove a specific individual from stop-loss coverage entirely.

What’s behind the trend

Stop-loss carriers say the growing use of lasering is being driven by rising claims severity and improved predictive analytics.

Advanced claims modeling tools now allow insurers to analyze medical histories, pharmacy utilization and treatment trends with far greater precision. As a result, insurers are requesting more detailed claims information during underwriting and using that data to identify participants likely to generate catastrophic claims.

Employer effects

For employers, lasering may reduce stop-loss premiums, but it can also create substantial financial risks if a lasered employee incurs major expenses. Employers may unexpectedly assume hundreds of thousands of dollars in additional costs for a single claimant.

As a result, some self-insured employers may have to set aside more in reserves and consider increasing employee cost-sharing to account for the added risk.

Also, employers and brokers are increasingly negotiating for “no new laser” provisions during renewals. These provisions limit an insurer’s ability to add new lasers during or after renewal based on emerging claims.

There are other ways to prevent or reduce the need for a laser. We can help you understand your options, workforce demographics, medical claims history and potential financial liability.